iBT託福聽記能力的培養，通常涉及語言（語法知識和詞彙量）的熟練程度、知識面、注意力以及筆記技巧等。考生在準備考試的過程中需要進行大量的聽力理解練習，筆記的重要性自不待言。
      要做好筆記，注意力如何合理分配是一個需要注意的問題。在聽記理解時，注意力需要高度集中。但如果過度集中於某一點上，卻往往會顧此失彼。因此在理解時需要抓住所表述的意思而不是拘泥於每一個字詞，也就是所謂“抓實放虛”，放掉個別冗余和重複的資訊，從整體上把握說話者的思路和語義。同時要培養分心二用的能力，將主要注意力放在聽懂明白所說內容上，將部分注意力用於做出簡要的筆記。
      在聽讀過程中做好筆記，需要辨識哪些是最重要的內容，哪些是相對次要的資訊。關於筆記內容的選擇，具體建議為：
      [1] 應當仔細注意開始和導言部分，這部分的內容通常會包含主旨資訊。導言部分的最後一句話常用來陳明主題，它的作用是表明講話人對該話題的意見，可用來幫助確定講話人的意圖，而且它經常包含下面將討論內容的要點。
      [2] 利用主題句（常出現在段落開頭）確定主題資訊，並且注意不同資訊點之間的轉換和關聯。
      [3] 注意例子：如果所舉的例子是代表不同或相互對照的情形，應記下每個例子；但若有數個例子共同說明一個問題，則不需要全部記下，只記錄最重要和最易理解的例子。
      [4] 記下數字、日期和重要的人名、地名、機構名稱等：這些項目若不寫下而僅靠頭腦記憶，在聽完後要準確回憶難度很大。
      此外，注意用作解釋和銜接的冗余資訊以及關聯詞語，對於把握主旨和重要內容也是有說明的。
      做好筆記除了要在記錄內容上注意有所選擇以外，還需要在筆記的格式上注意簡明，也就是筆記應當簡短、清晰、易辨，不僅在記錄內容時快速方便，而且在讀取資訊時明白易解。為了節省時間和提高筆記的效率，通常行數可以多一些，每行的字數可以少一些，並且最好在筆記過程中或完成後，以序號或行縮進的方式標明內容的層次（邏輯關係）。例如：
      原文：Okay, so soon after hatching, baby chaffinches start producing these, um, begging sounds, begging calls, actually, which basically are a message to the parents saying, 'Feed me; feed me.' That's all for about the first five weeks, until they grow feathers and start getting ready to fly, you know, become fledglings, and then those calls - those begging sounds, are replaced by, uh, well...you know how babies - human babies - you know how they make that...baby...babbling sound? Like little, soft, vocalized...murmurings? Well, that's pretty much similar to the noises that fledgling chaffinches make at this next stage of development...which is called subsong...'Subsong' makes senses, right, because 'sub' means 'below', and so the subsong is, uh, below, or...happens before their mature song, right? It's an immature, or underdeveloped song, a baby song. Make sense?
      筆記：Bird produces begging calls (1st stage)
      - To get food from parents
      - Lasts about 5 weeks
      Subsong (2nd stage)
      - Like baby's babbling
      - Starts the time they get feathers and are ready to fly
      - Immature, baby song
      原文：The Electoral College is an essential part of presidential elections in America, but qualifications are few.       Members of the College, called electors, are usually chosen by political parties during state conventions or committee meetings. Those who have served their political party most enthusiastically are usually nominated. Electors may be party leaders, elected officials, or may simply have a connection with the presidential candidate their party represents. However, under the laws of the U.S. Constitution, an elector may not be a person who has aided any enemies of the American government or rebelled against the United States in any way.
      筆記：Qualifications of an elector
      - Active citizens chosen by their political parties
      - Must not be traitors to the US government
      最後，為提高筆記的效率，也可以適當使用某些縮略語和速記符號。常用縮略語如：eg(for example), etc(and so on), ie(that is), cf(compare), esp(especially), min(minimum), max(maximum), usu(usually), ref(reference), asap(as soon as possible), EU(European Union), WHO(World Health Organization)。速記符號包括：√(yes, good), X(no, bad) & (and), @(about), ∵(because), ∴(therefore), ∽(replace), ∞(relation), ↑(increase), ↓(decrease), =>(in conclusion)等。

      英語教學研究組
      竟成英文學院英語