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按孩子的temperament調校管教方式
( 2012-07-06 )



      父母偏心會影響孩子之間的關係,所以有超過一個兒女的父母都明白要對他們一視同仁,也要讓孩子知道,爸媽對他們一樣的愛錫,不會厚此薄彼。
      但一樣的愛錫,並不等於管教的方式一模一樣。孩子的性情不會完全一樣,而且可能有很大分別。孩子性格的分別,BB的時候已看得出,孩子不斷成長,性格分別就會越來越分明。
      性格是personality,temperament的意思差不多。Temperament是名詞,解性情、性格、氣質,可以是中性的,但也可解容易興奮的性情、喜怒無常或急躁的性格;例如︰Some artists have temperament.(有些藝術家喜怒無常。)
      形容詞temperamental也有幾種解釋,可解與性情、性格、氣質有關的,例如︰She has a temperamental dislike for music.(她生性不喜歡音樂。)Temperamental也可解易興奮的、易發怒的、喜怒無常的,或性情難以捉摸的,例如︰The actor was so temperamental many directors avoided working with him.(那位演員喜怒無常,很多導演都避免跟他合作。)
      性相近易相處?
      那父母與孩子性格相近,是否就會容易相處?Beth Harpaz在"Is your child's temperament a good 'fit' with yours?"一文中討論了這個問題︰
      For example, a stubborn child who's a chip off the old block might have a lot of showdowns with an equally stubborn mom or dad.
      A chip off the old block解孩子與父母一模一樣。Showdown解一決雌雄、攤牌。孩子性格倔強,對同樣頑固的父親或母親,衝突的機會就大。但孩子與父母性格相反,也未必是好事。
      But contrasting(相反的) temperaments don't necessarily assure good results: A determined(一意孤行的) child might overwhelm(征服、壓倒) an overly flexible(過分柔順的) parent.
      雖說性格由天定,但後天也可以影響。這即是說,不論孩子的性格怎樣,父母也可用不同管教方式來解決性格相沖引起的問題。
      That means parents who take a step back to consider their child's personality traits(特質) may be able to tailor(剪裁) their childrearing(育兒的) style to deal more effectively with problems.
      心理學家指出,很多親子之間的衝突是因父母與孩子事事各不讓步。那showdown就在所難免。


      瑣碎事子女話事
      管教性格強的孩子,可在不太重要的事情上讓孩子按自己的方法做:
      Pick your battles carefully. When a little girl couldn't get out of the house without a tantrum(發脾氣) over what to wear, parents may let her choose her own outfits(服裝) even if they weren't quite as coordinated(合襯) as the parents wished.
      Florence Littauer在Personality plus for Parents: Understanding What Makes Your Child Tick一書中,教家長順孩子的不同性格管教。

      文︰子慧